How to Secure Your Data Centre Against Fire

In today’s digital age, data is the lifeblood of most organisations. As such, data centres where critical information is stored and managed must be safeguarded against all potential threats, fire being one of the most catastrophic. Here’s a practical guide to protecting your data centre from fire-related risks.

1. Implement Advanced Fire Detection Systems

The key to minimising fire damage lies in early detection. Install multi sensor fire detection systems that can identify smoke, heat, or flame. Aspirating smoke detectors (ASDs), which continuously sample the air, are particularly effective in data centres where even minute smoke particles can signal danger. Make sure your systems are regularly tested and maintained to remain operational at all times.

2. Use Suitable Fire Suppression Systems

Traditional water sprinkler systems can damage electronic equipment, making them unsuitable for data centres. Instead, opt for gas based fire suppression systems like FM-200 or NOVEC 1230. These suppressants work by removing heat or oxygen from the fire, extinguishing it without harming sensitive hardware. Ensure the room is sealed to maximise system effectiveness.

3. Maintain Clear Fire Separation

Segregate high risk areas from the main server rooms using fire rated barriers and walls. This limits the spread of fire and gives staff more time to respond. Cable penetrations and ventilation systems should be sealed with fire-stopping materials, and any fire doors should be self closing and properly labelled.

4. Control Environmental Conditions

Keep data centre temperatures and humidity levels within recommended ranges to prevent overheating and static discharge, both of which can increase fire risk. Regular maintenance of HVAC systems is crucial. Install sensors to monitor these conditions and alert personnel if thresholds are exceeded.

5. Train Staff and Develop an Emergency Plan

Staff should be trained in fire safety protocols, including how to use fire extinguishers and evacuate safely. Conduct regular fire drills and ensure everyone knows their role in the event of an emergency. Your fire safety plan should also include procedures for shutting down equipment and notifying emergency services.

6. Conduct Regular Risk Assessments

Fire risks evolve as infrastructure changes. Perform regular fire risk assessments in accordance with British Standards (e.g., BS 5839 for fire detection and BS 6266 for ICT systems). Address any weaknesses identified promptly and review your fire safety measures annually.